以氯化锶、硝酸锶、硝酸铜、硝酸锂、硝酸钴和硝酸铝为成核剂,研究了几种成核剂分别对30%氯化钙溶液过冷度的影响。结果表明,分别添加适量硝酸铜、硝酸锂、硝酸钴、硝酸铝虽能降低30%氯化钙溶液的过冷度,但会降低其相变潜热;而添加1.5% Sr(NO₃)₂或1.0% SrCl₂·6H₂O成核剂,既能有效地去除30%氯化钙溶液的过冷度,又对其相变潜热基本无影响,是较理想的成核剂。考虑到硝酸盐是无机盐材料中具有防腐性能且相变潜热值和导热系数较高的材料,故选择1.5% Sr(NO₃)₂作成核剂。

Taking SrCl₂·6H₂O,Sr(NO₃)₂,Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O,LiNO₃,Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O respectively as nucleating agent,their effects on the supercooling degree of 30% CaCl₂ aqueous solution are investigated.The results show that adding appropriate amounts of Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O,LiNO₃,Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O respectively can reduce the supercooling degree of 30% CaCl₂ aqueous solution,but simultaneously reduce its phase change latent heat.It is ideal to use 1.5% Sr(NO₃)₂ or 1.0% SrCl₂·6H₂O as nucleating agent,which can effectively reduce the supercooling degree but has hardly impact on the phase change latent heat of 30% CaCl₂ aqueous solution.Since nitrate is a material with anticorrosive performance,higher phase change latent heat and higher thermal conductivity among inorganic salt materials,it is more appropriate to choose 1.5% Sr(NO₃)₂ as a nucleating agent for 30% CaCl₂ aqueous solution.

闫嘉森(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为相变材料的开发与研制,1053561088@qq.com。