通过等体积浸渍法在载体表面负载不同组分制备了不同酸型和酸强分布的催化剂，探讨负载型固体酸催化剂不同酸型和酸强分布对1-丁烯齐聚反应的影响。结果表明，催化剂的催化性能与其酸量分布和酸型有密切关联。Al₂（SO₄）₃的负载量对催化剂酸量分布产生一定影响，差异主要体现在中强酸位，且中强酸位是此反应的活性酸位。当Al₂（SO₄）₃负载量为0.667 mmol/g时，Al₂（SO₄）₃/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的催化效率最高为76.9%。催化剂的NH₃-TPD和X射线衍射表征结果表明，催化剂的活性物质为硫酸铝，1-丁烯齐聚反应催化剂的活性需要L酸与B酸的共同作用。

Catalysts with different acid type and different acid strength distribution are prepared via impregnation method by loading different components on the surface of the support,and the effect of acid strength distribution and acid type on the catalytic performance of the catalyst in catalyzing oligomerization of 1-butene is studied.Results show that the catalytic performance of the catalyst has close relation to its acid strength distribution and acid type.The loading amount of Al₂ (SO₄)₃ has a certain effect on the acid content distribution of the catalyst,with differences mainly reflecting in the medium and strong acid sites.Moreover,the medium and strong acid sites are the active acid sites for this oligomerization reaction.The highest conversion of 1-butene can reach 76.9% over the Al₂ (SO₄)³/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst that loading 0.667 mmol·g^-1 of Al₂ (SO₄).Characterization on the catalyst by NH₃-TPD and X-ray diffraction shows that aluminum sulfate is the active material of the catalyst.The activity of the catalyst for 1-butene oligomerization requires the combined actions of L acid and B acid.

殷浩轩(1994-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事工业催化方面的研究,yhx199488@sina.com