以双官能团长链有机物为模板剂，对K沸石的微观结构进行重构合成纳米沸石材料。通过表征手段研究了合成方法对材料微观结构的影响，考察了不同模板剂、反应温度与时间、模板剂抽提方式对材料微观结构形成效果及状态的影响。结果表明，利用双季铵盐作模板剂，在不改变沸石材料基本晶型结构的基础上可将材料尺寸缩小至100~200 nm。反应温度的提高可加快纳米K沸石的形成，在反应10 h、75℃下反应产物出现明显的晶体矿物结构。纯水清洗抽提方式可有效去除合成材料中的模板剂，其对重金属吸附效果最好，对Pb的吸附量为536 mg/g。

To synthesize nano-zeolite materials,the microstructure of K zeolite is reconstructed by using long-chain organics with bifunctional groups as the template.The influence of synthesis methods on the microstructure of the prepared materials is investigated through modern characterization.The influence mechanism of different template agents,reaction temperature and time,and template agent extraction methods on the formation effect of the material microstructure and state is studied.The results show that the material size can be abbreviated to 100-200 nm by using a biquaternary ammonium salt as a template agent in the premise of unchanging the basic crystal structure of the zeolite material.Higher reaction temperature is helpful to accelerate the formation of nano-K zeolite.The reactive products arise obvious crystalline mineral structure when the reaction lasts for 10 h at 75℃.Pure water cleaning and extraction method can effectively remove the template from the synthesized materials.The material has the best adsorption effect to heavy metals,and its adsorption capacity to Pb is 536 mg·g^-1.

张晓(1973-),女,博士,副教授,研究方向为环境功能材料在水处理中的应用,zhangxiao7376@sina.com