Abstract: Pyrolysis mechanisms of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin in lignocellulose are introduced systemically.The intermediates generated from lignocellulose pyrolysis are analyzed and the re-condensation processes of the intermediates are discussed.Syngas,aliphatic oxides,furan derivative oxides and aromatic compounds can be obtained from pyrolysis of lignocellulose.In addition to syngas,each intermediate may condense with each other and themselves to generate stable condensation products.Based on the condensation inhibition of intermediate products,improvement strategies of biomass pyrolysis are prospected.
程毅, 屈一新, 庄抗, 王际东. 木质纤维生物质热解及中间产物缩合机理研究进展[J]. 现代化工, 2021, 41(2): 28-32,37.
CHENG Yi, QU Yi-xin, ZHUANG Kang, WANG Ji-dong. Research progress on mechanism of lignocellulose pyrolysis and intermediates condensation. Modern Chemical Industry, 2021, 41(2): 28-32,37.
[1] Ragauskas A J,Williams C K,Davison B H,et al.The path forward for biofuels and biomaterials[J].Science,2006,311(5760):484-489. [2] 宋艳苹.生物质发电技术经济分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2010. [3] 黄鹏,张文超,姚靖靖,等.生物质催化裂解选择性制备化学品的研究进展[J].现代化工,2017,37(6):53-59. [4] Pinkert A,Marsh K N,Pang S,et al.Ionic liquids and their interaction with cellulose[J].Chemical Reviews,2009,109(12):6712-6728. [5] Doblin M S,Kurek I,Jacob-Wilk D,et al.Cellulose biosynthesis in plants:From genes to rosettes[J].Plant & Cell Physiology,2002,43(12):1407-1420. [6] 冷尔唯,龚勋,张扬,等.纤维素热解机理研究进展:以中间态纤维素为核心的纤维素演变[J].化工学报,2018,69(1):239-248. [7] Lin Y C,Cho J,Tompsett G A,et al.Kinetics and mechanism of cellulose pyrolysis[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2009,113(46):20097-20107. [8] Shen D K,Gu S.The mechanism for thermal decomposition of cellulose and its main products[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(24):6496-6504. [9] Patil S K R,Lund C R F.Formation and growth of humins via aldol addition and condensation during acid-catalyzed conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural[J].Energy & Fuels,2011,25(10):4745-4755. [10] 许凤,孙润仓,詹怀宇.非木材半纤维素研究的新进展[J].中国造纸学报,2003,18(1):145-151. [11] Pauly M,Gille S,Liu L,et al.Hemicellulose biosynthesis[J].Planta,2013,238(4):627-642. [12] MãKi-Arvela P,Salmi T,Holmbom B,et al.Synthesis of sugars by hydrolysis of hemicelluloses-A review[J].Chemical Reviews,2011,111(9):5638-5666. [13] Zhou X,Li W,Mabon R,et al.A critical review on hemicellulose pyrolysis[J].Energy Technology,2017,5(1):52-79. [14] Cristescu C,Karlsson O.Changes in content of furfurals and phenols in self-bonded laminated boards[J].Bioresources,2013,8(3):4056-4071. [15] Boerjan W,Ralph J,Baucher M.Lignin biosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2003,54(1):519-546. [16] Zakzeski J,Bruijnincx P C,Jongerius A L,et al.The catalytic valorization of lignin for the production of renewable chemicals[J].Chemical Reviews,2010,110(6):3552-3599. [17] Hu Z,Foston M B,Ragauskas A J.Biomass characterization of morphological portions of alamo switchgrass[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(14):7765-7772. [18] Chakar F S,Ragauskas A J,Abaecherli A,et al.Review of current and future softwood kraft lignin process chemistry[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2004,20(2):131-141. [19] 文甲龙.生物质木质素结构解析及其预处理解离机制研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014. [20] Kosa M,Ben H X,Theliander H,et al.Pyrolysis oils from CO2 precipitated Kraft lignin[J].Green Chemistry,2011,13(11):3196-3202. [21] Westerhof R J M,Brilman D W F,Garcia-Perez M,et al.Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors[J].Energy & Fuels,2011,25(4):1817-1829. [22] Tejado A,Pena C,Labidi J,et al.Physico-chemical characterization of lignins from different sources for use in phenol-formaldehyde resin synthesis[J].Bioresource Technology,2007,98(8):1655-1663. [23] Parthasarathi R,Romero R A,Redondo A,et al.Theoretical study of the remarkably diverse linkages in lignin[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2015,2(20):2660-2666. [24] Nakamura T,Kawamoto H,Saka S.Condensation reactions of some lignin related compounds at relatively low pyrolysis temperature[J].Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology,2007,27(2):121-133. [25] Yu H,Hu J,Fan J,et al.One-Pot Conversion of sugars and lignin in ionic liquid and recycling of ionic liquid[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2015,51(8):3452-3457. [26] Deuss P J,Scott M,Tran F,et al.Aromatic monomers by in situ conversion of reactive intermediates in the acid-catalyzed depolymerization of lignin[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2015,137(23):7456-7467. [27] Huang X M,Korányi T I,Boot M D,et al.Ethanol as capping agent and formaldehyde scavenger for efficient depolymerization of lignin to aromatics[J].Green Chemistry,2015,17(11):4941-4950. [28] Shuai L,Amiri M T,Questell-Santiago Y M,et al.Formaldehyde stabilization facilitates lignin monomer production during biomass depolymerization[J].Science,2016,354(6310):329-333. [29] Qi S,Hayashi J,Kudo S,et al.Catalytic hydrogenolysis of kraft lignin to monomers at high yield in alkaline water[J].Green Chemistry,2017,19:2636-2645.