基于相转化法构筑非对称纳滤膜皮层界面结构的研究策略
Research strategies for constructing the interfacial structure of the skin layer in asymmetric nanofiltration membranes via phase inversion
围绕基于相转化技术制备整体皮层非对称(ISA)纳滤膜展开,系统总结了相转化法的成膜机制、制备调控手段及后缩孔改性策略。重点论述从相转化技术的基本原理与分类,到通过配方设计、工艺调节制备ISA纳滤膜,以及耦合化学交联、静电组装等技术对ISA纳滤膜进行表面孔径调控与功能化修饰。通过合理调节制备工艺主导相分离过程以及技术耦合,实现对膜分离皮层结构的精确设计,协同优化ISA纳滤膜的渗透性与选择性,并赋予膜多样化的功能。未来研究应进一步深化对相转化成膜机制的理解与过程调控,积极促进制膜技术与膜材料的高性能与多功能化、绿色可持续化,并拓展ISA纳滤膜在更广泛领域的应用。
This review focuses on integrally skinned asymmetric (ISA) nanofiltration membranes prepared via the phase inversion technique,systematically summarizing the membrane formation mechanisms,preparation control methods,and post-formation pore shrinkage modification strategies associated with the phase inversion process.Specific emphasis is placed on the transition from the fundamental principles and classifications of phase inversion to the fabrication of ISA nanofiltration membranes through formulation design and process adjustment.Furthermore,it discusses the coupling of techniques such as chemical cross-linking and electrostatic assembly to regulate surface pore size and achieve functional modification of ISA membranes.By rationally adjusting the preparation conditions to govern the phase separation process and integrating complementary techniques,precise control over the structure of the separating skin layer can be achieved.This approach synergistically optimizes the permeability and selectivity of ISA nanofiltration membranes while endowing them with diverse functionalities.Future research should aim to deepen the understanding and process control of membrane formation mechanisms via phase inversion,actively promote the development of high-performance,multifunctional,and green and sustainable membrane fabrication technologies and materials,and expand the application of ISA nanofiltration membranes into broader fields.
相转化法 / 整体皮层非对称结构 / 纳滤膜 / 渗透分离性能
phase inversion / integrally skinned asymmetric (ISA) structure / nanofiltration membrane / permeation and separation performance
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