Boric acid (H3BO3) and coffee grounds were mixed in a mass ratio of 1∶1 and pyrolyzed at 700℃ to prepare biochar B-BC700-1.The structure and properties of B-BC700-1 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The effects of H3BO3 on the structural characteristics of biochar were analyzed,and the adsorption performance and mechanism of B-BC700-1 for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) were investigated.The results showed that compared with the original coffee grounds biochar (BC),B-BC700-1 had a larger specific surface area and pore size (SBET and pore size increased from 326.23 m2/g and 0.121 cm3/g to 646.97 m2/g and 0.447 cm3/g).B-BC700-1 could effectively adsorb SMX.When the dosage was 1.5 g/L and the adsorption time was 240 min,the adsorption rate of SMX reached 100% and the adsorption capacity was 7.80 mg/g,which was higher than that of BC (1.07 mg/g).The adsorption process of B-BC700-1 for SMX conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model,indicating that the adsorption process was mainly chemical adsorption and heterogeneous multilayer adsorption.Pore filling,π-π conjugation and electrostatic adsorption were the main mechanisms of SMX adsorption by B-BC700-1.The removal rate of SMX in the presence of coexisting ions ($C{\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{2-}$,$HC{\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$,$N{\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$,$P{\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{-}$) was lower than that without added anions.After four adsorption-desorption cycles,the removal rate of SMX remained above 80%.H3BO3-modified coffee grounds can effectively improve the treatment efficiency of water containing SMX.
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