分子筛介孔化技术研究进展
Research advances in mesoporous technology of molecular sieves
分子筛介孔化技术是通过在分子筛中引入孔径2~50 nm的介孔结构,构建微孔-介孔多级孔体系,以改善传质性能、提升反应效率的关键改性手段。系统综述了分子筛介孔化的主要技术方法,包括后处理法、模板法以及晶体工程法,分析了各类方法的优势、局限及其对分子筛酸性、结构稳定性的影响。当前该技术仍面临孔结构精确调控困难、酸性易受影响、工艺成本较高及规模化制备受限等挑战,未来应致力于发展绿色、低成本的介孔化新工艺,推动介孔分子筛在能源化工与环境催化等领域的应用突破。
Mesoporous zeolite technology refers to a key modification approach that introduces mesopores (2-50 nm in diameter) into zeolites to construct a hierarchical microporous-mesoporous structure,thereby improving mass transfer properties and enhancing reaction efficiency.This review systematically summarizes the main techniques for creating mesoporous zeolites,including post-treatment methods,template-assisted synthesis,and crystal engineering approaches.It analyzes the advantages and limitations of each method,as well as their effects on the acidity and structural stability of zeolites.At present,this technology still faces challenges such as difficulty in precisely controlling pore architecture,susceptibility to acidity loss,high processing costs,and limitations in scalable production.Future efforts should focus on developing green and low-cost mesopore-forming processes to promote breakthroughs in the application of mesoporous zeolites in fields such as energy chemistry and environmental catalysis.
分子筛 / 介孔化技术 / 后处理法 / 模版法 / 晶体工程法
molecular sieve / mesoporous modification technology / post-treatment method / template method / crystal engineering method
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国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904802)
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