油基岩屑资源化处理及应用现状和展望
Research status,applications and prospects of resource-oriented treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings
综述了页岩油气开发中油基岩屑的无害化处理(物理法热脱附、离心分离,化学法溶剂萃取、热化学清洗,生物法微生物降解、酶催化)与资源化利用(水泥基材料制备等)技术进展,分析各技术原理及经济性。结果表明,热脱附因油分回收率85%~95%应用最广,但能耗高且易产生挥发性有机物;溶剂萃取适配低黏度油分却受成本与污染制约;生物降解绿色低碳但周期长、受环境影响大;特种水泥浆等资源化高值技术具潜力未规模化,当前未形成“高效-低碳-低成本”体系。建议研发低碳高效技术,完善危废鉴定与产品标准,推动油基岩屑闭环利用。
This paper reviews the research progress of harmless treatment (physical methods:thermal desorption,centrifugal separation;chemical methods:solvent extraction,thermochemical cleaning;biological methods:microbial degradation,enzyme catalysis) and resource utilization (cement-based material preparation,etc.) technologies for oil-based drilling cuttings in shale oil and gas development,and analyzes the principles and economics of each technology.The results show that thermal desorption is the most widely used method with an oil recovery rate of 85%-95%,but has high energy consumption and produces volatile organic compounds;solvent extraction is suitable for low-viscosity oil but restricted by cost and pollution;biological degradation is green and low-carbon but has a long cycle and is greatly affected by the environment;high-value resource technologies such as special cement slurry have potential but not yet scaled,and no “efficient-low carbon-low cost” system has been established currently.It is suggested to develop low-carbon and efficient technologies,improve hazardous waste identification and product standards,and promote the closed-loop utilization of oil-based drilling cuttings.
油基岩屑 / 无害化处理 / 资源化利用 / 热脱附 / 技术经济分析
oil-based drilling cuttings / harmless disposal / resource utilization / thermal desorption / techno-economic analysis
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