废旧光伏组件银回收技术研究进展
Research progress on silver recovery technology for waste photovoltaic modules
综述了废旧光伏组件中银回收的技术进展,系统对比了湿法冶金(硝酸、深共晶溶剂(DES)、熔盐)、电化学法及激光剥离等方法的效率、成本与环境影响。研究表明,硝酸浸出法虽工艺成熟,但废液处理成本高且环境风险大;DES浸出法与激光剥离法因绿色高效更具产业化潜力。经济分析揭示,绿色溶剂与工艺集成是未来规模化应用的关键。最后,提出需加强技术协同创新、政策引导及标准化建设,以推动光伏回收产业的可持续发展。
This paper reviews the technological progress of silver recovery from waste photovoltaic modules,and systematically compares the efficiency,cost and environmental impact of methods such as hydrometallurgy (nitric acid,deep eutectic solvent (DES),molten salt),electrochemical method and laser stripping.Studies show that the nitric acid leaching method has a mature process but the cost of waste liquid treatment is high.The DES leaching method and the laser exfoliation method show significant advantages.Economic analysis reveals that the integration of green solvents and processes is the key to large-scale application in the future.Finally,this paper proposes that it is necessary to strengthen technological collaborative innovation,policy guidance and standardization construction to promote the sustainable development of the photovoltaic recycling industry.
silver / resource recycling / photovoltaic module / hydrometallurgy
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辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(LJ212410142136)
辽宁省科技计划联合计划(2024-MSLH-345)
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