电化学提锂技术因其高效、清洁等优点展现出广阔的应用前景。电化学提锂主要包括电吸附、电渗析和电化学脱嵌等方法,其中电极材料和膜材料的性能是决定提锂效率和稳定性的关键因素。通过对电极材料的形貌调控、金属掺杂和表面包覆等改性手段,可以显著提高提锂性能。探讨了电化学提锂技术在盐湖卤水和地下卤水中的应用前景,并指出了未来研究的方向,包括提高电极材料的选择性和稳定性,以及开发适用于复杂水质条件的耐有机污染提锂技术。

Electrochemical lithium-extraction technologies have shown broad application prospects due to its advantages of high efficiency and cleanliness.Electrochemical lithium-extraction technologies mainly include electro-adsorption,electrodialysis and electrochemical deintercalation,among which the performance of electrode materials and membrane materials is the key factor determining the efficiency and stability of lithium extraction.The performance of lithium extraction can be significantly improved by modifying the morphology of the electrode material,metal doping and surface coating.In this paper,the application prospect of electrochemical lithium-extraction technology in salt-lake brine and underground brine is discussed,and the future research directions are pointed out,including improving the selectivity and stability of electrode materials,and developing organic pollution-resistant lithium-extraction technology suitable for complex water quality conditions.