核能制氢国内外研究现状及展望
Research status and prospect of global nuclear hydrogen production
核能制氢作为一种潜在的清洁能源解决方案,近年来在国内外得到了广泛关注。首先介绍了核能制氢的背景与优势,指出其在减少碳排放和应对能源危机方面的重要作用。详细分析了核能制氢的技术路线,包括高温气冷堆驱动的硫碘循环和电解水制氢等方法,并对各类技术的优缺点进行了对比。美国、日本、欧洲等国家在核能制氢领域取得显著进展,而中国则依托清华大学和中科院的研究,在高温气冷堆和热化学循环制氢方面表现突出。尽管核能制氢具有广阔的前景,但其仍面临高温反应堆技术、安全性、经济性等多重挑战。在未来技术创新、政策支持和全球合作将推动核能制氢的商业化和大规模应用。
Nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production,as a promising clean energy solution,has garnered significant attention in the world in recent years.This account introduces firstly the background and advantages of nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production,highlighting its critical role in reducing carbon dioxide emission and addressing energy crises.It then provides a detailed analysis on the technical pathways for nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production,including the sulfur-iodine cycle driven by high-temperature gas-cooled reactors and water electrolysis,and compares the strengths and weaknesses of these technologies.Significant progress has been made in this field by countries such as the United States,Japan,and European nations,while China has demonstrated notable achievements in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors and thermochemical hydrogen production,supported by research from Tsinghua University and Chinese Academy of Sciences.Despite its promising outlook,nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production still faces multiple challenges,including high-temperature reactor technology,safety concerns,and economic viability.Future technological innovation,policy support,and global cooperation are expected to drive the commercialization and large-scale application of nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production.
nuclear energy / clean energy / nuclear energy-driven hydrogen production
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2024年国家社会科学基金西部项目(24XGJ002)
中国石油天然气集团有限公司软科学研究课题(中油研20250102-1)
四川石油天然气研究中心重点项目(2024SY001)
资源型城市发展研究中心项目(ZYZX-YB-2506)
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