天然气掺氢分离提纯技术研究进展
Research progress on hydrogen separation purification technology for hydrogen-blended natural gas
通过文献调研,总结了深冷分离、变压吸附、膜分离和电化学氢分离4种天然气掺氢分离提纯技术的研究现状,并对各分离技术未来的研究方向进行了展望。国内外研究表明,深冷分离技术受到分离原理的影响,提氢纯度中等、工艺过程能耗成本高,可用于电厂等大规模生产场所的第一级分离提纯模块;变压吸附技术提氢纯度高但能效较低,适用掺氢浓度低的小规模生产用户;膜分离技术分离过程无相变、无高耗能,以其经济性和稳定性是未来最具前景的分离技术,其中无机膜中钯合金膜是今后研究的热点;电化学氢分离技术的过程驱动力是电势差,工艺流程简单,虽然提氢纯度高,但目前膜材料的强度、渗透性还有待解决,该技术用于天然气掺氢分离前景还有待考证。未来天然气掺氢分离技术可能会根据终端用户的需求采用多种分离方法的结合,尤其是结合膜分离方法的耦合工艺。
Through literature research,the current research status of four hydrogen separation purification technologies for hydrogen-blended natural gas,including cryogenic separation,pressure swing adsorption (PSA),membrane separation,and electrochemical separation,is summarized.The research directions for each separation technology in the future are also proposed.Worldwide studies indicate that cryogenic separation technology,limited by its separation principle,achieves low-to-medium hydrogen purity and suffers from high energy consumption and high cost in the process.It is suitable for the primary separation and purification module of large-scale production facilities,such as power plants.PSA technology offers a high hydrogen purity but a lower energy efficiency,making it suitable for small-scale users with low hydrogen blending concentration.Membrane separation technology,characterized by its phase change-free process and absence of high energy consumption,is the most promising separation method in the future due to its economy and stability.Among inorganic membranes,palladium alloy membrane will be a key research focus.Electrochemical hydrogen separation technology,driven by electrical potential difference,features a simple process flow.Although it achieves high hydrogen purity,it faces challenges regarding the strength and permeability of membrane material.Its application prospects in hydrogen-blended natural gas separation require further investigation.In the future,hydrogen separation technologies for hydrogen-blended natural gas may employ a combination of multiple separation methods tailored to end-user needs,particularly hybrid processes incorporating membrane separation.
natural gas blended with hydrogen / membrane separation technology / PSA / separation of blended hydrogen
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国家自然科学基金项目(52076015)
北京市教委科技一般项目(KM201910017007)
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