以水为单一发泡剂制备了系列聚氨酯吸水海绵,研究了发泡剂用量对聚氨酯吸水海绵性能的影响。结果表明,随着发泡剂用量的增加,聚氨酯吸水海绵的软段玻璃化温度逐渐升高;相对于100份多元醇,发泡剂用量为1.05~1.20份时,聚氨酯吸水海绵泡孔结构均匀、无明显缺陷,密度为55.6~62.4 kg/m³;发泡剂用量为1.20份时,聚氨酯吸水海绵拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均最大,分别为351 kPa和372%;聚氨酯吸水海绵具有良好的吸水性能,平衡吸水率均大于500%。

A series of polyurethane (PU) absorbent sponge are prepared through using water as the sole foaming agent.The influence of foaming agent dosage on the properties of PU absorbent sponge is studied.It is shown that the glass transition temperature of the soft segment of the sponge increases gradually with the increasing dosage of foaming agent.As the ratio of polyol to foaming agent is 100∶1.05-1.20,the prepared PU absorbent sponge has a uniform pore structure,without obvious defect and with a density of 55.6-62.4 kg·m^-3.As the ratio is 100∶1.20,the prepared PU absorbent sponge has the maximum tensile strength and elongation at break,which are 351 kPa and 372%,respectively.PU absorbent sponge exhibits a good water-absorbing property and its equilibrium water absorbing rate exceeds 500%.

张均(1982-),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为聚氨酯材料应用,zhangjun413@buct.edu.cn;姚明(1996-),女,博士,副教授,研究方向为聚合物合成改性及特种聚氨酯的制备,通讯联系人,yaoming@buct.edu.cn。