综述了油基岩屑和残渣的环境污染危险特征性以及残渣掺混制备建筑和筑路材料研究的进展。结果显示,油基岩屑中污染物除石油烃外,可能还有Hg、Cd、Cr、Ni、As、Pb等重金属和BaP、BbF、BkF、DahA等多环芳烃;残渣中典型污染因子为石油烃、Ba、Cr、BaP;残渣资源化产物中污染物基本达标,部分残渣可提高产物性能。建议进一步系统研究油基岩屑、残渣及资源化产物中特征污染物迁移转化及时空演变规律;亟待开发大宗去向、低成本、安全的资源化新路径并构建相应的污染管理机制。

The environmental pollution hazard characteristics of oil-based cuttings and residues is reviewed,and the research progress in blending the residues to prepare construction and road materials is summarized.It is shown that in addition to petroleum hydrocarbons,pollutants in oil-based cuttings may also include heavy metals such as Hg,Cd,Cr,Ni,As and Pb,and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as BaP,BbF,BkF,and DahA.Typical pollution factors in residues include petroleum hydrocarbons,Ba,Cr,and BaP.After the treatment and reutilization,the contents of pollutants in the residue recycling products basically meet the standards,and some residues can improve product performance.It is recommended to further systematically study the migration,transformation and spatial-temporal evolution patterns of characteristic pollutants in oil-based cuttings,residues and recycling products.It is urgent to develop new pathways for bulk,low-cost and safe reutilization and to build corresponding pollution management regulations.

赵安洋(2000-),男,硕士生;王茂仁(1982-),男,博士,正高级工程师,研究方向为油田化学、油气田"三废"治理及资源化,通讯联系人,2022592102@cupk.edu.cn。