对微塑料在上覆水和沉积物中赋存和迁移进行归纳,分析微塑料对淡水中藻类、水生植物的形态和生理特征的影响。梳理微塑料对初级消费者和高级消费者产生的生态毒性以及沿食物链方向的赋存和迁移规律。综合分析微塑料在淡水多环境介质中对于环境和生物的影响,可为揭示微塑料在淡水多环境生物介质中不同营养级下的赋存迁移规律及其相关机理提供一定的科学思路和理论基础。

This article summarizes the occurrence and migration of microplastics in overlying water and sediments,and analyzes the impact of microplastics on the morphology and physiological characteristics of algae and aquatic plants in freshwater.The ecological toxicity of microplastics to primary and advanced consumers is described,and their occurrence and migration along the food chain direction are analyzed.A comprehensive analysis is given about the impact of microplastics on the environment and organisms in freshwater multiple environmental media,which can provide scientific ideas and theoretical basis for revealing the occurrence and migration patterns of microplastics at different nutrient levels in freshwater multiple environmental biological media and their related mechanisms.

李思敏(1968-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为水环境生态修复,chyeli@126.com;孟鑫(1987-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为新污染物环境毒性效应,通讯联系人,xinmeng@rcees.ac.cn。