低黏吸附型缓速剂主要依靠吸附单体吸附在岩石表面形成保护膜来实现缓速效果,而不同类型的吸附单体之间性能差异大。利用丙烯酰胺(AM)、烯丙基聚乙二醇(APEG-2400)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和十四烷基马来酰胺(C14MA)分别制备一种主要靠APEG-2400吸附的缓速剂AAM(AM/APEG-2400/C14MA)和另一种靠DMC吸附的缓速剂ADM(AM/DMC/C14MA)。采用单因素实验法优化合成方案,并利用红外光谱和核磁氢谱表征缓速剂分子结构;对2种缓速剂的缓速性能进行评价,利用XPS、SEM、AFM对岩样表面进行观察。结果表明,在50℃和80℃条件下,质量浓度为9 000 mg/L的AAM和ADM型缓速酸均保持在低黏状态,AAM型缓速酸缓速性能更好,在岩石表面形成的吸附膜更致密。

Low viscosity adsorption retardant mainly relies on its adsorption monomer to adsorb on the rock surface to form a protective film to realize the retardation effect.There is a big difference in performance between different types of adsorption monomers.Acrylamide (AM),allyl polyethylene glycol (APEG-2400),methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and tetradecyl maleamide (C14MA) are used to prepare AAM (AM/APEG-2400/C14MA) retardant that adsorbs mainly by APEG-2400,and ADM (AM/DMC/C14MA) retardant that adsorbs mainly by DMC.Single factor experiment method is employed to optimize the synthesis scheme,and infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy are utilized to characterize the molecular structure of the retardants.The retardation performance of these two retardants is evaluated,and the surface of the rock samples is observed by means of XPS,SEM and AFM.Results show that both AAM and ADM retardant acids with a mass concentration of 9 000 mg·L^-1 have kept in a low viscosity state under the conditions of 50℃ and 80℃.AAM retardant acid shows better retardant performance,and forms more dense adsorption film on the surface of the rock.

全红平(1982-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为油田化学品研发与应用,通讯联系人,59183228@qq.com。