通过MILD法(制备过程较为温和)从MAX相制备了常见的MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x,并对该Ti₃C₂T_x进行了FE-SEM、TEM、AFM、XRD、XPS表征。通过流涎法制备了磺化聚砜(SPSF)/Ti₃C₂T_x阳离子交换膜,并对膜进行形貌、理化性能表征。将SPSF/Ti₃C₂T_x膜应用于电渗析脱盐过程,考察膜堆电压、脱盐率、电流效率和能耗。结果表明,MILD法刻蚀得到的Ti₃C₂T_x片是单层或少层的,并且与SPSF相容性良好;当Ti₃C₂T_x添加量为2.0%时,膜(SPSF/Ti₃C₂T_x-2.0%膜)的离子交换容量最高(1.37 mmol/g)、面电阻最低(7.07 Ω·cm²),在电渗析脱盐过程中的脱盐率(80.12%)和电流效率(90.03%)最高、能耗最低(10.98 kWh/kg)。

MXene-Ti₃C₂T_x is synthesized from MAX phase via a MILD method,and characterized by means of FE-SEM,TEM,AFM,XRD,and XPS.A sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF)/Ti₃C₂T_x cation exchange membrane is prepared through a solution casting method,followed by characterization of its morphology and physicochemical properties.The prepared SPSF/Ti₃C₂T_x membrane is employed in the electrodialysis desalination process to evaluate stack voltage,desalination rate,current efficiency,and energy consumption.Results indicate that the Ti₃C₂T_x sheets obtained via the MILD method exhibit monolayer or few-layer,presenting good compatibility with SPSF.When the dosage of Ti₃C₂T_x is 2.0%,SPSF/Ti₃C₂T_x-2.0% membrane shows the highest ion exchange capacity as 1.37 mmol·g^-1,the lowest surface resistance as 7.07 Ω cm2,the best desalination rate as 80.12% and the highest current efficiency as 90.03% during the electrodialysis process,along with the lowest energy consumption as 10.98 kWh·kg^-1.

张祥路(1993-),男,硕士生,研究方向为阳离子交换膜的制备及应用研究,724143203@qq.com;张旭(1987-),女,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为离子膜制备以及应用,通讯联系人,xzhang@hfut.edu.cn。