总结了电催化硝酸盐合成氨工艺的反应机理,通过掺杂合适的杂原子、不同金属复合、金属与非金属材料杂化等方式来提高催化剂活性并抑制析氢反应。综述了近几年金属基催化剂、碳基催化剂的合成方法和性能表现,以期为研制高催化活性的环境友好型硝酸盐电化学合成氨催化剂提供参考。

The reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic nitrate to ammonia process is summarized.Through doping appropriate heteroatoms,complexing different metals,and hybridizing metal and non-metal materials,the activity of catalyst is improved,and hydrogen evolution reaction is inhibited.The synthesis methods and performance exhibition of metal-based catalysts and carbon-based catalysts in recent years are reviewed,in order to provide reference for the development of environmentally friendly catalysts with high catalytic activity for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrates.

黄风林(1968-),男,硕士,教授,研究方向为石油与天然气加工,通讯联系人,15938808090@163.com。