硝酸盐是工业生产和民用生活废水中的重要污染源,电催化还原硝酸盐制备化工原料氨可实现绿色节能减排。以Ni纳米球为模板合成空心纳米合金NiPd_XCu_100-X,利用XRD、TEM、XPS等对催化剂微观形貌、比表面积和化学态进行表征,并将NiPd_XCu_100-X用于电催化硝酸盐还原合成氨反应(NO₃RR)。结果表明,在-0.53 V(vs.RHE)电压下,NiPd₅₀Cu₅₀产NH₃法拉第效率为94.2%,NH₃产率为2 166.8 mg/(h·g_cat)(NH₃产率是NiPd的1.87倍)。NiPd₅₀Cu₅₀优异的电催化硝酸盐还原合成氨活性和稳定性源于金属间协同催化和独特的空心结构。

Nitrates are a kind of major pollution sources in industrial production and civil living wastewater.Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates can produce ammonia,an important chemical raw material,to achieve energy saving and emission reduction.In this study,hollow nano NiPd_XCu_100-X alloy catalyst is synthesized by using Ni nanospheres as a template.The morphology,specific surface area and chemical state of the catalyst are characterized by means of XRD,TEM,XPS,etc.NiPd_XCu_100-X catalyst is used for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates to synthesize ammonia (NO₃RR).At -0.53 V (vs.RHE),NiPd₅₀Cu₅₀ catalyst delivers a Faradaic efficiency of 94.2% for NH₃,and a yield rate of 2 166.8 mg·(h·g_cat)^-1 for NH₃.The yield of NH₃ over the catalyst reaches 1.87 times that over NiPd.NiPd₅₀Cu₅₀ catalyst shows excellent electrocatalytic activity,and stability for NO^-₃ reduction and NH₃ synthesis,which is due to the synergistic catalysis between metals and the unique hollow structure.

曹欢攀(1997-),男,硕士生,研究方向为空心纳米金属合金催化研究,y82200148@mail.ecust.edu.cn;许海涛(1969-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为纳米金属复合金属有机骨架材料合成及应用研究,通讯联系人,xuhaitao@ecust.edu.cn。