目前合成气主要经过费托合成与双功能催化2条路线合成液体燃料。针对费托合成路线,可通过调控催化剂晶粒尺寸、晶相结构、金属表面暴露位点等改变产物分布;双功能催化路线则在费托催化剂上引入酸催化功能或将C—O键高效活化与C—C键精准偶联结合,实现高选择性制备液体燃料。今后合成气的定向转化一方面可借鉴纳米合成领域新方法,使产物分布打破经典ASF限制,最大限度地提高目标产物选择性;另一方面可通过对两步反应的活性中心精细设计,实现对产物选择性的精确调控。

Currently,Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and oxide/zeolite bifunctional catalysis routes can be utilized to produce liquid fuel from syngas.In view of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis route,the product distribution can be regulated through controlling the crystal size,crystal phase structure and metal surface exposure sites of the catalyst.As for bifunctional catalysis route,high selective preparation of liquid fuel can be realized through adding acid catalysis function on Fischer-Tropsch catalyst,or activating C—O bond efficiently to couple with C—C bond accurately.In the future,on the one hand,the main object is to maximize the selectivity of the target products by using new methods in nano-synthetic areas to break the classical ASF distribution,on the other hand,the precise regulation of products selectivity can be realized through carefully designing the active centers of the two-step reaction.