针对酸性硝基苯和粗硝基苯的高乳化特征，提出了分步分级的模块化聚结破乳工艺，设计并开展了处理量为100 L/h的实验。结果表明，该工艺可将酸性硝基苯中的酸质量分数由0.94 mg/g降至0.14 mg/g，脱酸率为85.1%；可将粗硝基苯中的水质量分数由1.06%降至0.13%、盐质量浓度由14.39 mg/L降至2.62 mg/L，脱水率和除盐率分别为87.7%和81.8%。该工艺解决了硝基苯乳液破乳难的问题，为硝基苯净化工艺的升级改造提供重要支撑。

In view of the high emulsification characteristics of acidic nitrobenzene and crude nitrobenzene, a step-by-step graded modular agglomerative demulsification process is proposed, and the experiments with a treatment capacity of 100 L·h^-1 are designed and carried out.The results show that this process can reduce the mass fraction of acid in acidic nitrobenzene from 0.94 mg·g^-1 to 0.14 mg·g^-1, with a de-acidification rate of 85.1%;it can reduce the mass fraction of water in crude nitrobenzene from 1.06% to 0.13% and the mass concentration of salt from 14.39 mg·L^-1 to 2.62 mg·L^-1, with dewatering and desalination rates of 87.7% and 81.8%, respectively.This process overcomes the difficulty in breaking nitrobenzene emulsion, which provides important support for the upgrading of the nitrobenzene purification process.

朱华曈(1998-),男,博士生,研究方向为非均相反应及分离过程强化,ecust_zht@163.com