针对目前水溶液中铬离子检测中存在的问题,设计、合成了功能纳米银材料,并构建了水溶液中Cr³⁺离子检测体系。考察了双氧水、柠檬酸三钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮对银纳米材料合成的影响。以功能银纳米材料为探针,初步考察了该探针对水溶液中Cr³⁺离子的检测效果。研究结果表明,双氧水、柠檬酸三钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮浓度可以有效调控功能纳米银的合成,可调控制备10~245 nm粒径范围内的纳米银,不同粒径之间表现出不同颜色。当柠檬酸三钠、双氧水和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮浓度分别为1.61×10^-3、2.13×10^-2、3.73×10^-5 mol/L时,所制备的功能化纳米银材料平均粒径为16 nm,该功能材料对水溶液中Cr³⁺离子具有较好的可视化检测效果。

Silver nanomaterial has special optical properties due to its diameter and morphology.It is widely used in bio-diagnosis and environmental monitoring.To address the existed issues in the detection of chromium ions in aqueous solutions,functional silver nanomaterial is designed and synthesized,and a detection system is constructed for Cr³⁺ ions in aqueous solution.The effects of hydrogen peroxide,trisodium citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone on the synthesis of silver nanomaterial are investigated.Furthermore,using functional silver nanomaterial as probes,its detection effects on Cr³⁺ ions in aqueous solution are explored.The results show that the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide,trisodium citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone can effectively control the synthesis of functional silver nanomaterials.By adjusting the concentrations of these three substances,the particle size of silver nanoparticles can be controlled in the range of 10-245 nm,and silver nanoparticles with different particle sizes exhibit different colors.The prepared functional silver nanomaterial has an average particle size of 16 nm when the concentrations of trisodium citrate,hydrogen peroxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone are 1.61×10^-3 mol·L^-1,2.13×10^-2 mol·L^-1 and 3.73×10^-5 mol·L^-1,respectively,and this functional material has a good visual detection effect on Cr³⁺ ions in aqueous solution.

李衡(1997-),男,硕士生。