为了研究竹醋液清除恶臭气体中氨气的机制,分别对不同用量竹醋液清除定浓度氨气的性能进行了研究。结果发现,1 mL竹醋液对定浓度氨气的平均清除率最高可达到85.8%,5、10 mL竹醋液对定浓度氨气的清除率可达100%,显示竹醋液对氨气有良好的清除效果。采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用对竹醋液的化学成分进行了鉴定,结果发现竹醋液中含有挥发性有机物30种,其中,含量最高的3种成分是2-甲氧基酚(C₇H₈O₂,18.60%)、乙酸(C₂H₄O₂,10.57%)、苯酚(C₆H₆O,10.18%)。采用简缩福井函数对氨(NH₃)分子与竹醋液中主要化学成分2-甲氧基酚、乙酸、苯酚中每个原子的亲电、亲核活性进行了量化计算,从原子层面揭示了竹醋液清除氨气的化学机制,为竹醋液在环境治理领域应用提供了理论依据。

To find out the mechanism of removing ammonia in malodorous gas by bamboo vinegar,the performance of bamboo vinegar with different dosages in removing ammonia with constant concentration is studied.It is shown from the results that the average removal rate of ammonia with constant concentration reaches up to 85.8% by 1 mL of bamboo vinegar,and 100% by 5 mL or 10 mL of bamboo vinegar,indicating that bamboo vinegar has a good removal effect on ammonia.The chemical constituents of bamboo vinegar are identified by headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS).It is shown that there are 30 kinds of volatile organic compounds in bamboo vinegar,among which three components with the highest content are 2-methoxyphenol (18.60%),acetic acid (10.57%) and phenol (10.18%).The electrophilic and nucleophilic activities of each atom of 2-methoxylphenol,acetic acid and phenol in bamboo vinegar as well as ammonia are quantified by means of Fukui function.The results reveal the chemical mechanism of bamboo vinegar in removing ammonia at atomic level,which provides a theoretical basis for the application of bamboo vinegar in the field of environmental governance.

肖立平(1997-),女,硕士生,研究方向为林产化学加工,1343405529@qq.com