在CCUS工程的整体大框架下,将CO₂的利用划分为地质利用、化学利用以及生物利用3类。总结了这3类利用方式的应用现状与应用机理,在一定程度上揭示CO₂与化学原料、燃料、食品、肥料以及能源开发产业之间的密切关系。对CO₂埋存方法进行了总结,包括CO₂地质利用过程中的封存、枯竭油气田封存、咸水层封存以及海洋环境封存等。CO₂利用以及封存作为整个CCUS工程中关键的2大环节,不断优化技术思路,对我国实现"碳达峰,碳中和"具有十分重要的意义。

Under the overall framework of CCUS project,CO₂ utilization is divided into three categories:geological utilization,chemical utilization and biological utilization.Current application status and application mechanism of these three utilization methods are summarized,which also reveals the close relationship between CO₂ and chemical raw materials,fuel,food,fertilizer and energy development industries to a certain extent.CO₂ storage methods are also summed up,including the storage in the geological utilization of CO₂,the storage in depleted oil and gas fields,the storage in saline aquifers and the storage in marine environment,etc.Technical ideas for CO₂ utilization and storage,which are two key links in the whole CCUS project,need to be constantly optimized,which are essential for China to achieve the goal of "peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality".