采用机械活化法对前驱体物料进行预处理，使纤维素和金属盐通过相互作用力稳定结合，经一步煅烧法得到结构稳定的纤维素基炭负载铜-铁复合材料Cu-Fe@C，将该复合材料用于光芬顿催化降解硝基苯。利用XRD、FESEM、FT-IR、XPS等对复合材料的结构性质进行表征，并探究了硝基苯初始质量浓度、溶液初始pH、催化剂质量浓度、H₂O₂浓度对催化性能的影响。结果表明，在初始质量浓度为50 mg/L、溶液初始pH 7、催化剂质量浓度为0.5 g/L、H₂O₂浓度为64 mmol/L的最佳反应条件下，硝基苯的降解率达91.1%，降解副产物为苯胺，有利于进一步被矿化。复合材料催化剂循环使用5次后，硝基苯的降解率仍在86%以上。

Precursor materials are pretreated by mechanical activation method to make cellulose and metal salt bond stably via interaction force.A stable cellulose-based carbon copper-iron composite (Cu-Fe@C) is obtained by one-step calcination of the treated precursor,and used as catalyst for photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of nitrobenzene.The structural properties of the composite are characterized by XRD,FESEM,FTIR,and XPS.The effects of initial concentration of nitrobenzene,initial pH of solution,catalyst dosage,and H₂O₂ concentration on the catalytic performance of the composite are also investigated.It is shown that the degradation rate of nitrobenzene reaches 91.1% under the optimum reaction conditions as follows:the initial concentration of nitrobenzene is 50 mg·L^-1,the initial pH of the solution is 7,catalyst dosage is 0.5 g·L^-1,and H₂O₂ concentration is 64 mM.Aniline is main degradation byproduct,which is conducive to further mineralization.After the catalyst has been used for 5 cycles,the degradation rate of nitrobenzene is still above 86%.

赵志红(1995-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为污水处理,479997925@qq.com;胡华宇(1972-),男,硕士,教授,研究方向为污水处理,通讯联系人,yuhuahu@163.com。