为实现老化油泥的资源化利用，开发了新型"混合表面活性剂+混碱"复配化学清洗剂并开展了相应的热化学淋洗处理实验。利用单因素变量法确定了清洗剂中表面活性剂组分和混合碱组分的配比、温度、液固比、搅拌转速和清洗时间等条件对残油率和油品回收量的影响，通过正交实验优化了工艺参数。结果表明，当清洗时间为30 min、清洗温度为85℃、搅拌转速为200 r/min、液固比为4：1时，含油率为12.9%的老化油泥样品经一级清洗后油泥残油率降为1.48%；经二级清洗后油泥残油率仅下降0.1%。实验证明一级清洗较为经济、合理。

To utilize the aged oil sludge, a new complex chemical cleaning agent composed of blended surfactant and blended alkali is discovered, and used to perform thermochemical washing experiments.Single factor variable method is employed to determine the effects of the ration of blended surfactant to blended alkali, temperature, the ratio of liquid to solid, mixing speed and cleaning time on the residual oil rate and the recovery amount of oil products.Technical parameters are optimized by orthogonalizing method.Results indicate that the content of residual oil in aged oily sludge decreases from 12.9% to 1.48% after the sludge has been cleaned for 30 min at 85℃ with an agitation speed of 200 r·min^-1 and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 1:4.The residual oil rate only reduces 0.1% by secondary cleaning, indicating that the first cleaning is more economic and reasonable.

廖长君(1976-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为污染土壤及地下水治理,1028128863@qq.com