针对煤层气独特的开采方式，研究了表面活性剂与煤岩的相互作用关系，分析了表面活性剂对煤层排水降压和甲烷渗流过程的影响，采用煤体吸湿实验和气相渗透率综合评价表面活性剂对煤层的潜在损害。实验结果表明，阳离子型、两性型、氟碳型表面活性剂会严重阻碍煤层排水降压过程的进行，影响甲烷解吸，降低煤层气井产量；非离子表面活性剂处理后的煤样会产生很多次生微裂缝，导致煤样气相渗透率有显著提升；阴离子表面活性剂的非极性基团碳链越长，越容易在煤基质表面形成大量吸附，导致煤粉微粒大量脱落，堵塞孔喉，降低煤样气相渗透率。研究成果为煤层气井开发过程中表面活性剂的选择和应用提供了理论依据。

In view of the unique mining mode for coalbed methane, the interaction between surfactant and coal rock is studied, and the influence of surfactant on drainage pressure reduction and methane seepage process is analyzed.Potential damage of surfactant to coal seam is comprehensively evaluated by using scanning electron microscope, coal moisture absorption test and gas permeability measurement experiment.Experimental results show that cationic, amphoteric and fluorocarbon-type surfactants will seriously hinder the process of coal seam drainage and depressurization, affect methane desorption and reduce the production of coalbed methane wells.Coal samples treated by non-ionic surfactants will generate many secondary microcracks, leading to a significant increase in gas permeability of coal samples.The longer the non-polar group of anionic surfactants, the easier it is to form a large amount of adsorption on the surface of coal matrix, resulting in a large number of coal particles falling off, blocking the pore throat and reducing the gas permeability of coal sample.

宋瑞(1989-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事油气增产改造理论、技术和非常规天然气开发,455913065@qq.com