以被离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑乙酸盐（BmimAc）预处理后的毛竹粉为原料、稀H₂SO₄为催化剂，微波协同作用下在水-甲基异丁基甲酮（MIBK）双相体系中一锅法同时生产糠醛（FF）和5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF），同时对反应后的竹粉残渣进行FT-IR、XRD、Py-GC/MS表征，并与反应前的竹粉原料进行比较。结果表明，一锅法生产FF和HMF的最佳工艺条件为：H₂SO₄质量分数为1.0%、微波加热温度为180℃、反应时间为30 min，此时FF和HMF的最高产率分别达到67.00%和25.52%；在相同反应条件下，毛竹半纤维素转化为FF的效率远高于毛竹纤维素转化为HMF的效率；经稀H₂SO₄催化降解后的竹粉残渣中，木素质量分数随反应时间的延长和温度的升高而增大；经BmimAc预处理后竹粉的物化性质在一定程度上发生了改变。

Bamboo powder pretreated by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BmimAc) ionic liquid is used as feedstock and diluted H₂SO₄ is used as catalyst, furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) are simultaneously produced by means of microwave-assisted one-pot method in a biphasic system consisted of water and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK).Bamboo powder residue after reaction is characterized by FT-IR, XRD and Py-GC/MS techniques, and compared with bamboo powder samples before and after pretreatment by BmimAc.The optimized conditions for production of FF and HMF via one-pot method are obtained as follows:H₂SO₄ concentration is 1.0 wt%, microwave heating temperature is at 180℃, and reaction time is 30 min.Under these conditions, the highest yields of FF and HMF can reach 67.00 mol% and 25.52 mol%, respectively.Under the same conditions, the conversion of bamboo hemicellulose to FF is much easier than that of bamboo cellulose to HMF.The content of lignin in the bamboo residue after reaction catalyzed by dilute H₂SO₄ increases with longer reaction time and higher temperature.The physical and chemical properties of bamboo powder have changed to a certain extent due to the pretreatment by BmimAc.

张宇(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事农林生物质资源化利用的研究工作,1972153235@qq.com