基于微生物固定化载体材料的发展历程，论述了传统载体材料的分类、优缺点及应用场景，发现传统载体材料种类虽丰富，但各自存在一定的缺点。针对传统载体材料存在的问题，探讨了以改性载体、磁性纳米载体、生物缓释载体及大孔聚合物载体为代表的新型载体材料的特点及发展现状。从环保、成本及应用效果等角度综合考量，提出挖掘利于可持续发展的传统载体材料、完善新型载体的制备方法及丰富新型载体的种类是未来微生物固定化载体材料的发展趋势。

Based on the development history of carrier materials for microorganism immobilization,classification,advantages and disadvantages and application scenarios of traditional carrier materials are introduced.It is found that although traditional carrier materials are rich in types,they still have their own shortcomings.In order to improve the performance of traditional carrier materials,the characteristics and development status of new carrier materials such as modified carrier,magnetic nano carrier,biological sustained-release carrier and macro porous polymer carrier are discussed.From the perspective of environmental protection,cost,application effect and so on,it is proposed that the key points of the follow-up research are to excavate continuously traditional carrier materials that are beneficial to sustainable development,improve the preparation methods of new carrier materials,and develop and enrich new carrier materials.

彭春燕(1990-),女,硕士,工程师,研究方向为微生物