生物质能源制备合成气的主要方式有直接燃烧、生化转换和物化转换等，详细介绍了生化转换中的厌氧消化技术、物化转换中的常规热解技术，及新型生物质合成气技术微波热解和超临界水气化。分析了这4种处理技术的特点、优势及存在的问题，详细阐述了这4种技术的国内外研究现状，最后对生物质能源制备合成气的发展前景进行了展望。

Main methods to make syngas from biomass energy include direct combustion,biochemical conversion and physical-chemical conversion.Anaerobic digestion technology in biochemical conversion and conventional pyrolysis technology in physical-chemical conversion are introduced in detail,and two new types of biomass syngas technologies including microwave pyrolysis and supercritical water gasification are also described.The characteristics,advantages and problems of these four technologies are analyzed,and the research status worldwide is described in detail.Development prospect of biomass energy to syngas is suggested.