以苎麻材料为基底，聚多巴胺（PDA）为粘结层，将低表面能物质正十二硫醇粘合于苎麻纤维表面制得疏水苎麻纤维。通过正交实验确定制备疏水苎麻纤维的最佳制备条件为：反应温度为30℃、反应时间为12 h、pH为9.5、多巴胺质量浓度为4 mg/mL。利用电镜、红外光谱与接触角测量仪探究材料的微观变化与疏水性能，结果表明，疏水基团成功地粘结到材料的表面，最佳制备条件下改性材料的静态水接触角达148°，多次重复使用后仍具有良好的疏水效果。改性材料对柴油、豆油、润滑油与原油的吸附倍率较原材料分别提高了1.46、1.89、2.45、2.84倍，且改性材料在保油性方面表现良好。

Using ramie fiber as substrate and polydopamine (PDA) as a bonding layer,dodecyl mercaptan with a low surface energy substance are adhered onto the surface of the ramie fiber to obtain a hydrophobic ramie fiber material.By orthogonal experiment,the optimum preparation conditions are determined as follows:reaction temperature remains at 30℃,reaction lasts for 12 hours,pH=9.5,and dopamine concentration is 4 mg·mL^-1.The microscopic changes and hydrophobic properties of the as-prepared materials are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle method.The results show that the modified material prepared under optimum conditions has a static water contact angle of 148°,and can still maintain good hydrophobic effect after repeated uses.The modified material also improves the adsorption capacity to the oil.Its adsorption ratio to diesel,soybean oil,lubricating oil and crude oil are 1.46,1.89,2.45 and 2.84 times respectively higher than the raw material.It also has a good oil retention performance.

段泽强(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事港湾溢油应急材料的研发,1254756010@qq.com