在简述了生物质灰组成的基础上总结了近年国内外在生物质灰提取硅、合成沸石分子筛材料等方面的研究进展。对生物质灰进行酸处理，可以提高所制备的非晶态二氧化硅产品的纯度、比表面积、孔容；利用Na₂CO₃使生物质灰碳酸化，能提高SiO₂的产率，且因萃取剂可以循环使用而适用于大规模生产；将钡离子引入以生物质灰为原料合成的沸石中进行结构定向和改善结晶度，能提高其对苯胺的吸附能力；采用NaOH碱性水热法、微波辅助加热等技术将生物质灰改性为沸石，所得沸石能应用于含有碱性染料、苯胺等有毒物质的废水吸附以及CO₂的捕获。

Based on the brief introduction of the composition of biomass ash,the research progress in the fields of extracting silicon and synthesizing molecular sieve from biomass ash in recent years are summarized.The purity,specific surface area and pore volume of amorphous silica prepared can be improved through acid treatment of biomass ash this method.The yield of silica can be improved by using sodium carbonate to carbonize biomass ash,which is suitable for large-scale production because extractant can be recycled.The structural orientation and crystallinity improvement of molecular sieve made by biomass ash can be done by addition of barium ion,which can improve molecular sieve's adsorption ability to aniline.The biomass ash is modified into zeolite by sodium hydroxide hydrothermal method and microwave assisted heating technology,and the obtained zeolite can be applied to the adsorption of wastewater containing alkaline dyes,aniline and other toxic substances,as well as the capture of carbon dioxide.