利用溶胶-凝胶法对密胺甲醛树脂微胶囊红磷（MRP）进行再包覆，制备硅凝胶-密胺甲醛树脂双层包覆红磷（Si-MRP）。通过傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜及X射线光电子能谱分析对MRP及Si-MRP进行形态表征。结果表明，通过溶胶-凝胶法在MRP表面包覆硅凝胶，包覆率达95.7%；Si-MRP表面形态相对于MRP更为光滑，样品表面存在少量二氧化硅微球结构。对MRP及Si-MRP进行吸湿性、热稳定性及感度表征，结果表明，硅凝胶包覆后的Si-MRP产物吸湿性下降，90%湿度条件下，10 d后的吸湿率为7.5%，而MRP的10 d后吸湿率为12%；Si-MRP热稳定性提高，着火点约为450℃，较MRP提升75℃；MRP的摩擦感度为34%，经硅凝胶包覆后，Si-MRP的摩擦感度下降至16%。

Silica-gel/melamine-formaldehyde microencapsulation phosphorus (Si-MRP) is prepared through re-coating silica-gel onto melamine-formaldehyde resin microencapsulation phosphorus (MRP) by sol-gel method.Morphologies and structure of MRP and Si-MRP are tested by FT-IR,SEM and XPS.The results indicate that silica gel has successfully coated onto the surface of MRP,with a coating ratio of 95.7%.Si-MRP exhibits smoother surface morphology than MRP.There exists a small amount of silica microspheres on the surfaces of Si-MRP samples.The water absorption ability,the thermal stability and the mechanical sensitivity of both MRP and Si-MRP are also characterized.The results show that the water absorption ability of Si-MRP drops than before coated by silica gel,staying 7.5% after having been exposed to the moisture environment of 90% humidity for ten days,while that is 12% for MRP.The thermal stability of Si-MRP is also enhanced,with an ignition temperature reaching 450℃,an increase of 75℃ compared with MRP.The friction sensitivity of MRP is 34% and that of Si-MRP falls to 16%.

程晨(1994-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为军事化学与烟火技术,17603239058@163.com