传统大豆油多元醇的合成具有反应温度高、时间久、需要添加溶剂等缺点。为了使其合成方法简单易行、节能环保，对传统多元醇合成方法进行了优化改进。以废弃大豆油（SBO）自制的环氧大豆油（ESO）为主体，以异丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇3种一元醇为原料，四氟硼酸（HBF₄）为催化剂，在室温下，不添加水和其他溶剂，通过开环反应快速生成3种羟值不同的环氧大豆油多元醇低聚物。利用傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热法、热重分析法、核磁共振氢谱等对聚合产物进行表征，并对产物结构和性质进行分析。结果表明，无需添加溶剂，室温下环氧大豆油开环聚合，反应时间不超过1 min，产物羟值达406 mg/（KOH）g，环氧大豆油转化率达95.5%。

Traditional synthesis methods for soybean oil-based polyol have the demerits such as longer time,higher reaction temperature and addition of other solvent.In this paper,the synthesis method is optimized and improved in order to make it simpler and easier,more energy-saving and environment-friendly.Three kinds of epoxy soybean oil (ESO) oligomer polyols with different hydroxyl values are synthesized through ring opening reaction of ESO that is made from spent soybean oil,with isopropanol,n-butanol and n-pentanol as raw materials,tetrafluoroboric acid as catalyst at room temperature and without solvent.The structure and properties of the prepared polyols are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).It is shown that the hydroxyl value of polyols reaches 406 mg·(KOH)g^-1 and the conversion rate of ESO can reach 95.5% when the ring opening polymerization has performed at room temperature for one minute without solvent.

张宇东(1992-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为固体废物资源化利用,1263461319@qq.com