以丙烯酰胺（AM）、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）为单体，二乙二醇丁醚为分散剂，过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原体系为引发剂，利用一种分散聚合技术得到稳定的阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺（PAM-DMC）乳液。利用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TG）及紫外分光光度计（UV）对合成的共聚物结构进行表征，并对PAM-DMC乳液进行透射电镜（TEM）、稳定性分析与絮凝性能的测试。结果表明，共聚物PAM-DMC为无定形态的非结晶分子，且热稳定性好，动力学不稳定指数（TSI）≤0.13，且其为100~500 nm的球形或椭球形颗粒，平均粒径为198.6 nm。当分子质量为1.85×10⁶、聚合物絮凝率达到最大值时，溶解时间为156 min，阳离子度为7.59%，特性黏度为498.24 Pa·s。

A stable cationic polyacrylamide (PAM-DMC) emulsion is prepared through a kind of dispersion polymerization technology by using acrylamide (AM) and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) as monomers,diethylene glycol butyl ether as dispersant,and ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite REDOX system as initiator.The structure of PAM-DMC is confirmed by means of FT-IR,XRD,TG and DTA.PAM-DMC emulsion is analyzed by TEM,and its emulsion stability and flocculation performance are also analyzed and determined.The results show that the copolymer PAM-DMC is amorphous and has a good thermal stability.Its dynamic instability index (TSI) is less than 0.13 and it is spherical or ellipsoidal particles with a diameter of 100-500 nm and an average particle size of 198.6 nm.The dissolution time will be 156 min,the cationic degree can reach 7.59% and the characteristic viscosity will be 498.24 Pa·s when the molecular weight is 1.85×10⁶ and the flocculation efficiency of PAM-DMC reaches the maximum.

王慧(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事油田化学品及助剂的研究工作,470948152@qq.com。