通过配制含铜废液，以N902（2-羟基-5-壬基水杨醛肟）与煤油为萃取体系，利用络合萃取法从高浓度含铜废水中分离、提纯有价金属，考察了萃取体系、萃取剂体积分数、萃取相比、pH和萃取时间对废水中铜的去除效果。得到最佳工艺参数为：N902体积分数为20%、相比（A/O）为5/1、pH为4.28、萃取时间为3 min，此条件下Cu²⁺的去除率为99%。用硫酸溶液对负载铜有机相进行反萃取，回收铜的同时再生有机溶剂，达到循环利用的目的。实验结果表明，Cu²⁺反萃取率可以达到96.7%，可以通过电积法提取铜，从而达到铜的回收利用。络合萃取工艺处理高浓度含铜废水效果显著，可作为一项有效的预处理方法。

It is an effective method to separate and extract valuable metals from high concentration copper-containing wastewater through complex extraction.In the experiment,the prepared copper-containing waste solution is used as model wastewater,and 2-hydroxy-5-nonylsalicylaldehyde oxime (N902) and kerosene together are used as extraction system.Influences of extraction system,extractant concentration,the ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase (A/O),pH and extraction time on the removal efficiency of copper in wastewater are investigated in detail.The optimum process parameters are obtained as follows:the volume fraction of N902 is 20%,A/O=5/1,pH=4.28 and extraction time is 3 min.Under the optimal conditions,the removal rate of Cu²⁺ can reach 99%.The copper-loading organic phase is extracted reversely by a sulfuric acid solution,and hence copper is recycled and organic solvents are regenerated.The experimental results show that the reverse extraction rate of Cu²⁺ can reach 96.7%.Copper can also be extracted by electrowinning to achieve recycling.The complex extraction process is proved to have a significant effect on the treatment of high concentration copper-containing wastewater and can be used as an effective pretreatment method.

袁晓乐(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水体污染控制研究,xiaoleyuan@outlook.com。