以含Pb²⁺配水为处理对象，Na₂S·9H₂O为沉淀剂，利用单因素法获得了无载体时Pb²⁺去除的最佳条件。在相同条件下，考察了石英砂、长石、白云石诱导PbS沉淀效果及沉淀过程Zeta电位的变化；测定了石英砂、长石、白云石在去离子水体系、含Pb²⁺配水体系、沉淀体系的等电点，分析了诱导效果与沉淀过程Zeta电位、不同体系中载体等电点的相关性。结果表明，3种载体诱导效果从大到小依次为：白云石 > 长石 > 石英砂；诱导效果指标沉淀平衡时间、Pb²⁺平衡质量浓度与诱导沉淀过程中载体的Zeta电位相关，载体Zeta电位为负值且越接近等电态时，诱导效果越佳，可据此选择最佳载体；去离子水体系、含Pb²⁺配水体系、沉淀体系中，载体等电点越大，诱导PbS沉淀效果越好，可据此选择最佳载体。去离子水体系中测定载体等电点最为简便，可作为载体选择的最佳体系及方法。

Using Pb²⁺ water as treatment object and Na₂S·9H₂O as precipitant, the optimum conditions for removing Pb²⁺ without existence of carrier are obtained by means of single factor method.Under the same conditions, the inducing effects of quartz sand, feldspar and dolomite on PbS precipitation and Zeta potential changes are investigated.The isoelectric point of quartz sand, feldspar and dolomite in deionized water system, Pb²⁺ containing water system and precipitation system respectively are measured.The correlation between induction effect and Zeta potential in precipitation process as well as the isoelectric point of carriers in different systems are analyzed.It is found that dolomite gives the biggest induction effect, feldspar comes next and quartz sand brings the smallest.Two induction effect indexes including the time for precipitation equilibrium and Pb²⁺ equilibrium concentration both are related to the Zeta potential of the carrier in the induced precipitation process.As the Zeta potential of carrier is negative and is closer to the isoelectric state, the induction effect is the better, which can be the accordance to select the best carrier.In the deionized water system, the Pb²⁺ water distribution system and the precipitation system, the greater the carrier isoelectric point, the better the effect in inducing PbS precipitation, which can help to select the best carrier.The deionized water system is the most convenient system to determine the carrier isoelectric point and it can be used as the best system and method for the selection of carrier.

孙丽(1994-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为水污染控制,1727786445@qq.com。