以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为硅源，原位合成的SiO₂纳米纤维为增强相，采用溶胶-凝胶法、三甲基氯硅烷（TMCS）表面改性和常压干燥工艺制备SiO₂纳米纤维-SiO₂复合气凝胶，利用SEM、XRD、FT-IR、BET和TG等手段对复合气凝胶的相关结构和性质进行表征，研究了SiO₂纳米纤维的复合对气凝胶的影响。结果表明，SiO₂纳米纤维的加入可以形成有效的骨架结构，改善气凝胶的微观形貌和空间结构，并且有着良好的兼容性、分散性和热稳定性，保持了较高的孔隙率等优良性能，所得复合气凝胶孔径为10~20 nm，孔隙率达97%。

SiO₂ nanofibers-SiO₂ composite aerogel is prepared through sol-gel method,trimethyl chlorosilane-leading surface modification method and atmospheric pressure drying method,with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silicon source and in-situ synthesized SiO₂ nanofibers as reinforcing phase.The structure and properties of the composite aerogel are characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,BET surface analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The effects of SiO₂ nanofibers on the aerogels are also investigated.The results show that the addition of SiO₂ nanofibers can form an effective framework structure to improve the micro morphology and space structure of the aerogel with good compatibility,dispersion and thermal stability,maintaining high porosity.The obtained composite aerogel has a pore size in the range of 10-20 nm and a porosity of 97%.

李可(1993-),男,硕士,研究方向为纳米多孔气凝胶材料,kelichn@126.com。