以自制离子液体1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐（DMImBr）为中间体，通过固相研磨法和微波辐射法制备得到了2种离子液体1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（DMImBF₄）和1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（DMImPF₆），并通过FT-IR、¹H-NMR对产物结构进行表征。在最佳条件下，从工艺、反应时间和产品收率等方面比较了固相研磨法和微波法合成离子液体与传统方法的差异，讨论了3种方法制备离子液体的优缺点，初步提出制备离子液体DMImBF₄和DMImPF₆的较佳方法。

Two kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids,1-decyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (DMImBF₄) and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (DMImPF₆) are synthesized by using self-made 1-decyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide as immediate,through the solid state grinding method and the microwave radiation method respectively.The structures of two ionic liquids DMImBF₄ and DMImPF₆ are characterized by IR and H-NMR.Under the optimal conditions,the solid state grinding method,the microwave radiation method and the traditional method are compared in the aspects of process,reaction time and product yielding.The advantages and disadvantages of three synthesis methods are compared and discussed and the preliminary suggestions are proposed in term of the better synthesis method for the preparation of DMImBF₄ and DMImPF₆.

李英(1973-),女,博士,副教授,研究方向为离子液体功能材料的合成及应用,hnliy0412@126.com。