介绍了基于C1化学的低碳烯烃合成反应机理研究进展。常规FTO路线的合成气直接转化制取低碳烯烃工艺产物组成受ASF分布规律限制，副产物CH₄、饱和烷烃选择性高，目标产物C⁼₂~C⁼₄选择性很难突破58%。基于MTO催化机理的核壳型FeMnK@SAPO-34双功能催化剂，CO最高转化率可达92.4%，总低碳烃（C₂~C₄低碳烃）选择性高达69.2%，C⁼₂~C⁼₄低碳烯烃选择性最高值达46.6%，CH₄选择性最低值仅为10.5%，CO₂选择性最低仅为16.8%；基于乙烯酮中间体机理的OX-ZEO双功能催化剂在400℃、2.5 MPa、H₂/CO=2.0的反应条件下，可实现C₂~C₄低碳烃类总选择性94%、C⁼₂~C⁼₄低碳烯烃选择性80%，且CH₄选择性可进一步降低至2%。此外，CH₄高温分解、CH₄氧化偶联、CH₄无氧转化、CO₂加氢等技术，也为低碳烯烃的合成开辟了新的技术路线。

The research advances in the reaction mechanism for synthesizing low-carbon olefins via C1 chemistry is stated.As determined by the ASF distribution law,the low-carbon olefins produced from syngas via conventional FTO pathway exhibit deficiencies such as high selectivity of by-products CH₄ and saturated alkanes,and in particular,the selectivity of targeting products C⁼₂,C⁼₃ and C⁼₄ hardly exceeding 58%.However,FeMnK@SAMPO-34,a core-shell type bi-functional catalyst in term of MTO mechanism,can help the maximum conversion rate of CO,the maximum selectivity of total low-carbon hydrocarbons (C₂-C₄),the maximum selectivity of low-carbon light olefins (C⁼₂-C⁼₄),the minimum CH₄ selectivity and the minimum CO₂ selectivity to reach 92.4%,69.2%,46.6%,10.5% and 16.8%,respectively.In addition,the overall selectivity of low-carbon hydrocarbons (C₂-C₄) and the selectivity of low-carbon light olefins (C⁼₂-C⁼₄) can be up to 94% and 80%,respectively,and the CH₄ selectivity can be reduced to 2% through the direct conversion of syngas (CO+H₂) over OX-ZEO bi-functional catalyst based on the ketene intermediate mechanism,with the experimental conditions of temperature 400℃,pressure 2.5 MPa and H₂/CO=2.0.Moreover,the high temperature pyrolysis,oxidative coupling and oxygen-free conversion of CH₄ as well as hydrogenation of CO₂ provide alternative pathways for low-carbon olefins production.