利用物理负载法制备活性炭/聚氨酯海绵（AC/PU）复合材料，探讨了制备工艺中稀释剂挥发温度、时间和胶液质量分数对材料结构的影响，以及材料结构对吸附性能的影响。结果表明，稀释剂挥发温度和时间对材料结构没有明显影响；胶液质量分数越大，材料的活性炭负载量越大。材料负载量越大，床层压降越大，但对活性炭的比表面积没有明显影响。胶液质量分数为50%时，单位质量的聚氨酯海绵的负载量为13~15 g/g；当风速达到12 m/s时，压降浮动范围为0.4~0.5 kPa，压降降低了17%~33%。沥青基活性炭海绵平均吸附量为0.092 4 g/g。吸附量降低了32.2%，与粉末活性炭海绵（PAC/PU）相比，穿透吸附量增加了2.37倍。

The activated carbon/polyurethane sponge (AC/PU) composites are prepared by physical load method.The effects of the volatilization temperature and time of diluents,and the mass concentration of glue during preparation process on the structure of the prepared composites are investigated.As well,the effects of the structure of the prepared composites on the adsorption performance are also studied.The results show that neither volatilization temperature nor time of diluents has significant effect on the composites' structure.The larger the mass concentration of the glue,the larger the activated carbon load amount,and then the greater the bed pressure drop,but the specific surface area of activated carbon is not affected significantly.When the mass concentration of glue is 50%,the load capacity of polyurethane sponge is 13-15 g/g of activated carbon.When the wind speed reaches 12 m·s^-1,the pressure drop of the bed fluctuates in the range of 0.4-0.5 kPa.Compared to the fixed-bed,the pressure drop in this bed is 17%-33% less.The average adsorption capacity for asphalt-based activated carbon sponge is 0.092 4 g·g^-1,with a drop of 32.2%.The penetration adsorption capacity of as prepared AC/PU increases 2.37 times compared with the powder activated carbon polyurethane sponge (PAC/PU).

林云(1992-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为炭材料,1083153164@qq.com