制备具有适宜酸性、粒径、比表面积的催化剂是催化果糖制备5-羟甲基糠醛的关键。选择不同模板剂合成了SAPO-34分子筛，并采用SEM、XRD、BET、NH₃-TPD和TG对其进行表征，考察了不同模板剂合成的分子筛催化合成5-羟甲基糠醛的应用效果。结果表明，以三乙胺为模板剂、n（Al₂O₃）：n（P₂O₅）：n（SiO₂）：n（三乙胺）：n（H₂O）=2：2：1：4：140、晶化时间为72 h时，合成的SAPO-34分子筛产品粒径比较均匀、酸性最高、结晶度最好，且以该分子筛产品作催化剂催化合成5-羟甲基糠醛的收率最高。在以二甲基亚砜为溶剂、温度为150℃、果糖质量为0.5 g、催化剂质量为0.15 g、二甲基亚砜用量为50 mL的条件下进行反应，5-羟甲基糠醛收率最高可达57%。

Preparation of the catalysts with suitable acidity,particle size and specific surface area is the key in the preparation of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural by catalyzing fructose.In this paper,SAPO-34 molecular sieves are synthesized by using different template agents and are then characterized by SEM,XRD,BET,NH₃-TPD and TG.The catalytic effects of the catalysts prepared by different template agents are investigated in the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.Results show that the catalysts prepared under the conditions of using triethylamine as template agent,n(Al₂O₃):n(P₂O₅):n(SiO₂):n(triethylamine):n(H₂O)=2:2:1:4:140 and 72 h of crystallization time can exhibit uniform particle size,the highest acidity,the best crystallinity and the highest yield of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural.The yield of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural can reach up to 57% when dimethylsulfoxide is used as solvent,reaction temperature is at 150℃,reaction lasts for 90 min and m(fructose):m(catalyst):m(dimethylsulfoxide)=0.5:0.15:50.

高赛男(1991-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为分子筛催化,sainan_gao@126.com