介绍了海藻酸钠的结构和性质，综述了纳米材料、合成高聚物、天然大分子共混改性海藻酸钠材料的研究现状，着重概述了酯化、酰胺化、氧化、接枝、交联、点击化学等化学改性海藻酸钠的原理与特点，对比分析了物理改性与化学修饰的优点与缺点，最后对海藻酸钠基功能材料的发展前景进行展望，指出对海藻酸钠改性可显著提高材料的稳定性、耐水性、成膜性及机械性能，赋予海藻酸钠特殊的功能，在废水处理、药物包埋、医用组织工程等领域具有很大的应用前景。

Firstly,the structure and properties of sodium alginate are described.The research situation on sodium alginate materials modified and blended by nanomaterials,synthetic polymers and natural macromolecule is reviewed.Then,the principle and characteristics of esterification,amidation,oxidation,grafting,crosslinking,click chemistry and other chemical modification methods for sodium alginate are overviewed in detail.The advantages and disadvantages of physical and chemical modification methods are compared and analyzed.Finally,the development prospects for sodium alginate-based functional materials are forecasted.It is pointed out that modification of sodium alginate can improve significantly the stability,water resistance,film forming and mechanical properties of materials,giving sodium alginate with special functions.Modified sodium alginate materials have broad application prospects in the field of wastewater treatment,drug embedding and medical tissue engineering.

柴雍(1992-),男,硕士生