巨大芽孢杆菌絮凝剂（BMF）是一种能够同时有效地去除Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺和Zn²⁺的生物絮凝剂，且在不同的条件下去除率高低为Pb²⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Zn²⁺。这3种重金属离子的去除效率均受pH、BMF投加量、搅拌时间和温度的影响，其中温度影响较小。通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析可知，BMF的主要成分为蛋白质和多糖，在絮凝过程中起主要作用的是多糖上的羟基和羧基。阐述了BMF对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺和Zn²⁺的絮凝机理包括化学反应、吸附架桥、氢键和静电引力作用等。

Bacillus megigantos flocculants (BMF) is a kind of bio-flocculants that can effectively and simultaneously remove Cu²⁺,Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺ from aqueous solution.BMF's removal efficiencies always rank by Pb²⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Zn²⁺ under different reaction conditions.The removal efficiencies of these three heavy metals are all affected by pH value,BMF dosage,agitating time and temperature.Among these influencing factors,temperature has the least impact as BMF has relative good thermal stability.The main components of BMF include proteins and polysaccharides through analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of polysaccharides play a major role during the flocculation process.The flocculation mechanisms of BMF on Cu²⁺,Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺ including chemical reaction,adsorption bridge,hydrogen bond and electrostatic force are described.

刘树丽(1990-),女,博士研究生,主要从事生物法处理水中重金属研究,1203293826@qq.com