以造纸黑液中提取的木质素为原料，采用碳化-活化法制备活性炭并作为双电层电容器电极材料研究其电化学性能。考察了碳化温度与活化温度对活性炭电化学性能的影响，分析了其比表面积、孔径分布与比电容之间的关系。结果表明，以KOH为活化剂，活化剂与焦的质量比为1：1、活化时间为1 h、碳化温度为600℃，活化温度为700℃制备的活性炭比电容达到最大，为158 F/g，其比表面积为948 m²/g。经对比发现，在KOH水系电解液体系下，1~2 nm的微孔孔径分布情况对比电容值具有较显著的影响。此外，恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等电化学测试显示所制备的活性炭电极具有较好的双电层电容器性能。

Activated carbon as electrode material for electric double layer capacitor is prepared through carbonization-activation method with lignin (purity 90.55%) extracted from papermaking black liquor as the raw materials,and its electrochemical performance is studied.The effects of carbonization temperature and activation temperature on the electrochemical properties of activated carbon are investigated in detail.The relationships between specific surface area (SSA),pore size distribution and specific capacitance are analyzed.It is identified that the biggest specific capacitance 158 F·g^-1 can be reached by the activated carbon prepared under the conditions that KOH is used as activating agent,the mass ratio of KOH to char is 1:1,activation lasts for 1 h,carbonization temperature is 600℃ and activating temperature is 700℃.The activated carbon prepared under such conditions has a SSA of 948 m²·g^-1.It is found through comparation that the distribution situation of the pore size of 1-2 nm has a significant effect on the electrochemical performance of activated carbon in the KOH aqueous electrolyte system.Furthermore,the activated carbon electrode prepared by this way exhibits good performance of electric double layer capacitor via electrochemical tests including constant current charge-discharge reversibility,cyclic volt ampere and AC impedance.

于华阳(1995-),男,硕士生,研究方向为多孔碳材料制备及其在电容器领域的应用,yhysoul@126.com