简要介绍了从粉煤灰中提取氧化铝不同方法（烧结法、酸浸法、碱浸法等）的工艺特点，总结了近5年来国内外从粉煤灰中提取氧化铝研究取得的新进展，分析比较了各种工艺方法的问题，如烧结法能耗高、硅渣的二次利用问题，酸浸法腐蚀性强、提取率低、氧化铝提纯问题，碱浸法浸出率低、碱耗量大、溶液黏度高导致输送困难等。指出了今后的研究方向，预脱硅处理法不仅减少硅渣的排放而且可回收硅成分；微波辅助加热或微波活化加热，可以快速升温、减少能耗且有利于莫来石的分解。

This paper introduces briefly the technological characteristics of different extracting alumina from fly ash processes,such as sintering process,acid leaching process,alkali leaching process,etc.The latest research progresses on extracting alumina from fly ash at home and abroad over the past five years are summarized.The problems existed in different processes are analyzed and compared,such as the problems of high energy consumption and secondary utilization of silicon slag for the sintering process,the problems of strong corrosive,low extraction rate and alumina purification for the acid leaching process,and the problems of low leaching rate,high alkali consumption and transport difficulty caused by high viscosity for alkali leaching process.The future research directions are also suggested that the pre-desilication treatment can reduce the emission of silicon slag and recycle silicon,microwave-assisted heating or microwave activation heating can achieve rapid heating,reduce energy consumption and contribute to the decomposition of mullite.

郑峰伟(1990-),男,硕士生