可溶性含氟聚酰亚胺薄膜的合成及性能研究
Synthesis and properties of soluble fluorinated polyimide films
为改善聚酰亚胺的溶解性并保持其热机械性能和力学性能,研究通过三元共聚对分子链结构进行调控。以二胺 2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基苯)]六氟丙烷(HFBAPP)为基础,系统改变刚性二酐3,3',4,4'-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)与含大体积三氟甲基的二酐4,4'-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐(6FDA)的摩尔比(10∶0~0∶10),采用热亚胺化法制备了6种聚酰亚胺薄膜(PI-1至PI-6)。结果表明,6FDA的引入使分子链间距从5.46 Å增大至5.89 Å,显著提升溶解性,使部分薄膜在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)等溶剂中室温可溶;材料热稳定性良好,玻璃化转变温度从247℃升至262℃,5%失重温度从432℃提高至521℃;PI-4样品力学性能最优,拉伸强度达100.65 MPa,模量为4316.33 MPa。结果表明,BTDA与6FDA的协同共聚可有效调控链堆砌结构,在保障热机械性能和力学性能的同时显著改善聚酰亚胺薄膜的溶解性。
This study aimed to enhance the solubility of polyimide (PI) while preserving its thermomechanical and mechanical properties through molecular chain structure regulation via ternary copolymerization.Using the diamine monomer 2,2-bis[4-aminophenoxyphenyl]hexafluoropropane (HFBAPP) as the base,a series of six polyimide films (designated PI-1 to PI-6) were prepared by thermal imidization,systematically varying the molar ratio of the rigid dianhydride 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) to the bulky trifluoromethyl-containing dianhydride 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) from 10∶0 to 0∶10.Results indicated that the incorporation of 6FDA systematically increased the interchain spacing from 5.46 Å to 5.89 Å,significantly improving solubility.Consequently,the films transitioned from being insoluble to becoming soluble at room temperature in solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).All materials maintained excellent thermal stability,with the glass transition temperature (Tg) increasing from 247℃ to 262℃ and the temperature for 5% weight loss (T5%) rising from 432℃ to 521℃.The PI-4 sample exhibited optimal mechanical performance,achieving a tensile strength of 100.65 MPa and a modulus of 4316.33 MPa.The findings demonstrate that synergistic copolymerization of BTDA and 6FDA effectively tunes the chain packing structure,significantly enhancing the solubility of the polyimide films while ensuring robust thermomechanical and mechanical properties.
聚酰亚胺 / 三氟甲基 / 热亚胺化 / 可溶性 / 三元共聚
polyimide / trifluoromethyl / thermal imidization / solubility / ternary copolymerization
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辽宁省教育厅基础科研项目(LJ212410148038)
辽宁省科技厅博士启动项目(2025-BS-0419)
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