在“双碳”目标背景下,氢能已成为化工行业实现深度减排的重要支撑,但受制于成本、技术成熟度及系统适配性等因素,化工用氢的低碳转型难以一步到位。立足我国化工行业用氢现状,系统梳理了灰氢、蓝氢与绿氢在化工领域的技术特征及适用场景,构建了化工用氢低碳转型的阶段性实施路径。研究认为,短期内应以提升灰氢利用效率和推动蓝氢示范应用为重点,通过引入碳捕集利用与封存技术实现用氢减排;中期需强化可再生能源制氢与化工流程的工程衔接,推动绿氢在合成氨、合成甲醇及炼化等场景的规模化应用;长期则应通过系统集成与多能协同,实现化工用氢体系的全面低碳化。进一步分析了不同阶段化工用氢转型面临的关键技术与工程约束,并提出相应的发展建议,可为我国化工行业用氢低碳转型提供参考。

Against the backdrop of China’s dual carbon goals,hydrogen energy has emerged as a critical enabler for deep emissions reductions in the chemical industry.However,factors such as cost,technological maturity,and system compatibility make a one-step low-carbon transition for industrial hydrogen challenging.This paper examines the current state of hydrogen utilization in China’s chemical sector,systematically analyzes the technical characteristics and applicable scenarios of grey,blue,and green hydrogen in chemical applications,and outlines a phased implementation pathway for the low-carbon transformation of industrial hydrogen use.The study concludes that short-term efforts should prioritize enhancing grey hydrogen utilization efficiency and promoting blue hydrogen demonstration projects,achieving emissions reductions through carbon capture,utilization,and storage (CCUS) technologies.Mid-term strategies require strengthening engineering integration between renewable hydrogen production and chemical processes,scaling up green hydrogen applications in ammonia synthesis,methanol synthesis,and refining/petrochemicals.Long-term goals should focus on comprehensive low-carbon transformation of the chemical hydrogen system through system integration and multi-energy coordination.This paper further analyzes the key technological and engineering constraints facing hydrogen utilization transformation in chemical processes across different phases and proposes corresponding development recommendations,which can provide a reference for the low-carbon transition of hydrogen utilization in China’s chemical industry.