This review summarizes the progress in rubber thermal-oxidative aging lifetime prediction,with a focus on optimizing the classical theories such as the Arrhenius equation and the WLF equation,and their applications in lifetime prediction.The review examines the research on computational techniques such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations,Monte Carlo (MC) simulations,and artificial neural networks (ANN),highlighting their advantages and limitations in revealing the mechanisms of rubber thermal-oxidative aging,predicting lifetime,and optimizing parameters.The article also discusses the main issues in current models,including insufficient modeling of multi-environment factor interactions,inadequate incorporation of multi-scale effects of composite material interfaces,and the challenge of balancing computational accuracy and efficiency.Future research should focus on the development of multi-field coupling models of light,heat,humidity,and chemical media,and integrate Bayesian optimization and GPU acceleration techniques to drive the transition of rubber lifetime prediction from experience-driven to data-driven design.
为提高预测精度,需建立“模型驱动-数据驱动”双轮驱动体系,结合化学结构演变与性能退化的同步监测,利用数据同化技术校正老化动力学参数。Li等[27]在分析橡胶循环载荷热累积时,发现初始模型未考虑动态软化效应,心部温度模拟值高于实验约10℃。引入Van der Waals超弹性本构方程并修正动态软化及蠕变后,误差降至1~2℃,证实了多尺度模拟与实验协同的必要性。Xie等[28]通过MD与多尺度实验协同,揭示接枝活化胶粉(GR)通过酰胺基与沥青酸酐反应减少极性分子含量,模拟显示GR改性沥青自由体积分数最高、分子聚集最低,模拟与实验密度误差<4.2%,组分偏差<1.2%,验证了“化学改性-分子运动-宏观性能”的协同机制。
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