层层自组装全生物基包膜缓释肥制备及控释性能研究
李娜 , 曹金锋 , 李彪 , 常馨彤 , 吴国军 , 刘艳芬 , 刘倩
现代化工 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7) : 173 -176.
层层自组装全生物基包膜缓释肥制备及控释性能研究
Preparation and controlled release performance of layer-by-layer self-assembled fully bio-based coated slow-release fertilizer
以天然来源的壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为原材料,通过层层自组装法在尿素颗粒表面包覆全生物基包膜,构筑高性能全生物基包膜缓释肥,不仅提升肥效,同时避免传统化学包膜带来的二次污染问题,具有操作便利、成本低廉、环境友好等优点。探讨了层层自组装过程中各反应条件对包膜缓释性能的影响,解析包膜层级结构特征与缓释性能间构效关系,解明包膜缓释性能增强机制。通过改变包膜内部壳聚糖和海藻酸钠分子量、溶液浓度,在静电作用下形成层层自组装结构,增强包膜交联密度,制备的层层自组装全生物基包膜缓释肥力学性能、缓释效果等性能最优。结果表明,钙离子(Ca2+)和包膜层数可增强包膜交联密度和力学性能,缓释效果最好的是组装层数第8层,养分释放率在第60 d时超过80%。
In this study,chitosan and sodium alginate from natural sources were used as raw materials,and the urea particles were coated with a full bio-based coating by layer-by-layer self-assembly method to construct a high-performance full bio-based coated slow-release fertilizer,which not only improved the fertilizer efficiency,but also avoided the secondary pollution problem caused by the traditional chemical coating.It has the advantages of convenient operation,low cost and environment-friendly.In this study,the effects of reaction conditions on the slow-release performance of the coating in the process of layer-by-layer self-assembly were discussed,the structure-activity relationship between the hierarchical structure characteristics of the coating and the sustained-release performance was analyzed,and the mechanism of enhancing the sustained-release performance of the coating was explained.In this experiment,by changing the molecular weight and solution concentration of chitosan and sodium alginate inside the coating,the layer-by-layer self-assembly structure was formed under the action of static electricity,and the crosslinking density of the coating was enhanced.The mechanical properties and slow-release effect of the layer-by-layer self-assembly bio based coated slow-release fertilizer were the best.The results showed that Ca2+and the number of coating layers could enhance the crosslinking density and mechanical properties of the coating.The best slow-release effect was the eighth layer,and the nutrient release rate was more than 80% at the 60th day.
层层自组装 / 全生物基 / 壳聚糖 / 海藻酸钠 / 缓释肥 / 控释性能
layer-by-layer self-assembly / whole bio base / chitosan / sodium alginate / slow-release fertilizer / controlled release performance
| [1] |
周卫, 丁文成. 新阶段化肥减量增效战略研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(1):1-7. |
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
王超, 李普旺, 宋书会. 环境响应性高分子材料与肥料缓控释的研究进展[J]. 高分子通报, 2020, 10:30-36. |
| [4] |
赵萧汉, 郭妤, 陈前林. 高分子包膜缓控释肥养分释放机制及模型研究现状[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2020, 36(10):170-176. |
| [5] |
黄永兰, 罗奇祥, 刘秀梅, 候红乾. 包膜型缓/控释肥技术的研究与进展[J]. 江西农业学报, 2008, 20(3):55-59. |
| [6] |
李娟, 乔丹, 王亚静, |
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
钟乐, 曾绮颖, 肖乃玉. 聚乙烯/壳聚糖-柠檬精油抗菌膜的制备及应用[J]. 包装工程, 2019, 40(13):58-66. |
| [10] |
王梁彬, 李结瑶, 李文光, |
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
李莹, 杨欣悦, 王雪羽, |
石家庄市科技计划项目(241490302A)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z7607G)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |